Pressure-regulated hydrant mist canopy · v0.5 concept

A palm tree for every hydrant.

New York already opens hydrants in heat waves — 1,000 gallons a minute, pressure drops, DEP warnings. Mr. Palm Tree crowns the hydrant instead: a 3D-printed palm that mists a 20-foot canopy on about 1% of a spray cap's water, shades the sidewalk, and lifts off in 15 seconds when FDNY needs the hydrant.

0.25 GPM
water use
~30 kW
latent cooling
<15 s
FDNY liftoff
~$450
unit BOM · street-priced
Photoreal render of the palm mister crowning a NYC fire hydrant, misting on a sunlit street
CAD render · top-mount on the bonnet · brass water-line connector at the outlet · frond-tip misters
01
The system

Three rules make it deployable

Every design decision serves the one constraint that matters: a fire hydrant must stay a fire hydrant. The tree is a guest on FDNY's hardware.

RULE 1

Print carries form, brass carries force

Street pressure (30–90 psi, verified) lives in off-the-shelf brass at the outlet: swivel adapter → ball valve → 200-mesh filter → regulator at 40 psi → backflow preventer. The regulated line runs inside the structural riser. A printed part failing is a dribble, not shrapnel. The whole connector is now modeled in the CAD and shown in the 3D viewer.

RULE 2

FDNY access is requirement #1

The collar hangs on the bonnet flange above both hose outlets. The operating nut sits under a 70 mm wrench window. Pull one lynch pin, twist 25°, lift — the whole tree is off in under 15 seconds, no tools. Our feed unthreads like any hydrant cap.

RULE 3

Parametric everything

NYC runs several hydrant castings across eras. Every dimension is a parameter in one OpenSCAD file; the only precision interface — the 2.5" New York Corporation thread — is a purchased brass part, never printed. EPDM foam absorbs the rest.

02
Virtual test bench

Test it before a single part prints

A physics test bench runs the whole system virtually: self-consistent hydraulics from street main to the frond-tip nozzles, and a Lagrangian droplet simulation — drag, evaporation, gusty urban wind — for the mist itself. First-order engineering physics, honestly labeled (not CFD), field-calibrated by design.

Live simulator

Drag street pressure, wind, temperature, and humidity. Watch a few thousand droplets respond in real time — and watch the readouts: nozzle pressure, flow, evaporate/land split, latent kilowatts, canopy ΔT, wet footprint.

TRY: wind 0.5 → ~8°C oasis under the canopy · wind 8.0 → same ~30 kW spread down the block
Open the test bench → Same physics in 3D →
Performance dashboard from the Python test bench
03
Blueprint

How the water and the load move

One diagram carries the argument: the mount never blocks an outlet or the operating nut, printed parts never see street pressure, and the whole canopy rides the hydrant — the sturdiest anchored object on the block.

Labeled system schematic of the hydrant palm mister
System schematic — pressure chain, mount stack, FDNY quick-release
Rendered walkthrough (Blender Eevee) — mist running, lobed-finger shade crown, 20 s
04
Assembly

One printer, one afternoon, one wrench

About a dozen unique printable parts (PETG for the body, ASA for the sun-baked load path — PLA is banned; it sags on exactly the day this matters) plus hardware-store brass. The trunk is one screw-together ring you print as many times as your height needs — a 6-ft minimum, taller by the ring. Full settings in the print guide below.

Print the sets

Mount set in ASA (collar ×2, legs ×4, hub plate, riser sleeve) — ~12 h. Trunk + crown in light-color PETG: the trunk base, a stack of identical screw-on rings (~10 for the 6-ft minimum), a crown adapter, then the crown. 0.6 mm nozzle, 0.3 mm layers.

Collar the bonnet

EPDM-lined halves bolt around the bonnet flange with four M5s — load bears on the casting shoulder, above both hose outlets. Line stays paint-safe.

Legs + hub plate

Four pivoting legs straddle the dome to the hub plate; clevis pivots self-align to any hydrant's dome angle. The 70 mm wrench window lands over the operating nut.

Screw the trunk to height

Base onto the bayonet, then hand-spin rings on one at a time (coarse thread, under a turn each — no tools) until you hit your height, 6 ft minimum. Feed line runs up the open core. Crown adapter, then crown hub with fronds, manifold, and topper.

Drop, twist, pin

Tree drops into the bayonet socket, twists 25°, lynch pin locks it. That pin is the FDNY quick-release — and the printed lugs are the designed sacrificial fuse.

Plumb and mist

Flush the hydrant 30 s → swivel adapter → valve → filter → regulator at 40 psi → backflow preventer → feed line up the riser. Open the valve (permit holder only) — mist on.

Close render of the mount stack on the hydrant: collar on the bonnet flange, pivoting legs to the hub plate, brass feed line up the riser
The mount stack, up close — collar on the bonnet flange, legs to the hub plate, brass feed line up the riser. Rendered from the build files.
Height-adjustable trunk — two ways to build it

Core build (recommended): the rings stack in compression over a thin metal tension core (½" EMT or an M10 rod) that pre-loads the stack into a rigid mast; the feed line runs inside the core. Add rings for true toolless height. Sleeve build: the same rings are cosmetic screw-on sleeves over a cut-to-length 1-1/4" PVC riser that carries the load — lowest risk, height capped by the pipe you cut. The FDNY bayonet quick-release lives at the base and is independent of ring count — a taller tree lifts off exactly the same.

FDNY removal drill — printed on every unit's collar tag

Pull lynch pin → twist tree 25° → lift off (<15 seconds, no tools). Wrench passes through the hub window onto the nut. Our feed adapter unthreads like a hydrant cap. Both outlets were never blocked to begin with.

05
Performance

The numbers, with their sources

v0.4 frond-tip downspray vs v0.3 crown ring: less drift, more felt mist
v0.4 change: moving the misters to the frond tips (spraying down) cuts wind drift ~30% and delivers ~50% more felt mist into the occupied zone vs the old crown ring
Simulated droplet trajectories by size
Droplet trajectories — tips spray down: fine drops cool the canopy air, coarse drops fall to skin level close under the tree
Ground wetting footprint at three wind speeds
Wetting footprint vs wind — the ~7 m downwind siting rule, visualized
Sun-backlit render under the canopy: mist haze glowing around the palm with droplets falling from the frond tips
What the felt mist looks like — sun-backlit haze under the canopy, droplets falling from the frond tips (design-basis render)
ClaimValueBasis
Water use (street 30–90 psi, regulated)0.20–0.25 GPM[SIM] hydraulics solve, flat across the verified band
DEP spray cap, for comparison20–25 GPM[VERIFIED] NYC DEP
Illegally opened hydrant1,000+ GPM[VERIFIED] NYC DEP
Latent cooling power~30 kW (≈10 window ACs)[SIM] evaporated mass × latent heat
Spray that evaporates in NYC heat-wave air78–80%[SIM] 95°F · 55% RH; the rest lands as felt mist
Felt mist reaching the occupied zone (3 m/s)~21% (+50% vs the crown ring)[SIM] v0.4 frond-tip downspray
Canopy cooling, calm air7–8°C[SIM] mixed-box; dilutes <0.5°C above 3 m/s wind
Street main pressure, NYC30–90 psi[VERIFIED] location/time dependent
Hydrant thread2.5" New York Corporation (not NST)[VERIFIED] buy the brass adapter, never print threads

[SIM] = first-order physics bench (sim/mist_sim.py), constants field-calibrated via the catch-cup protocol before any number goes in a contract. [VERIFIED] = sourced in the project research file.

06
Open hardware

Build files

The whole design is parametric OpenSCAD — measure your hydrant, set a few numbers, export. Set trunk_mode (core or sleeve) and min_trunk_height (6 ft default); the trunk is one screw-on ring you print as many times as your height needs. The pack is the v0.5 defaults (placeholder hydrant dimensions; test-fit before batch printing).

In the build pack
  • palm_mister.scad — parametric source, screw-on height-adjustable trunk, both build modes
  • mr-palm-tree-stl-v05.zip — 16 STLs at default dimensions (trunk ring prints ~10×)
  • BOM.csv — full bill of materials with vendors, ~$450/unit
  • PRINT_NOTES.md — filament engineering (PETG/ASA) + speeds
  • CATCH_CUP_PROTOCOL.md — 45-minute field calibration
  • mr-palm-tree.glb — exact print geometry for any 3D / AR tool
Request the build pack

Open hardware — the files also live on GitHub. Leave an email and we'll send revisions, the field-calibration data, and pilot-program news. We only use it to reach you, never sell it, and delete on request.

07
Procurement

Spray Cap 2.0 — sold the way NYC already buys

The city already sanctions hydrant cooling: FDNY firehouses hand out spray caps every summer, and NYC Parks' Cool It! program is actively adding cooling elements — including hydrants adapted as misting features. Mr. Palm Tree productizes the city's own program line, at roughly 1% of the water.

BuyerWhy themSpeed
Business Improvement DistrictsPrivate budgets, control plazas, love photogenic amenities — pilot under a DEP hydrant-use permitDays–weeks
NYC ParksCool It! NYC already adapts hydrants into misting features — this is shovel-ready product for their lineWeeks
NYC DEPOwns street hydrants + the spray-cap program; the water math is their headlineMonths
Council / Participatory BudgetingVisible, district-level, equity-mappable cooling (Heat Vulnerability Index targeting)Budget cycle
NYCEM heat emergenciesEmergency procurement moves fast when a heat emergency is declared — be pre-piloted and pre-pricedEvent-driven

A pilot pack — three trees, install, removal, season maintenance, and a data report — prices under NYC's $20,000 micro-purchase line: an agency can buy it with a signature, no competitive bid. The Partner page lays out the tracks for agencies, BIDs, and makers.